I’ve been sitting at an empty table in a dimsum restaurant for about ten minutes, and finally I see my mother walk in with a hoard of her friends, who we’re treating to breakfast. I stand up and greet them all as ayi and shushu, the equivalents of aunt and uncle. Of course they’re not actually related to me, but that’s just customary respect in China. Once they’re seated, they begin to jabber to each other about who knows what – I don’t understand this specific dialect. Then suddenly one of them directs a question at me, and I’m completely lost. All I got was spit and no meaning, so I helplessly look at my mother. She laughs and tells him I only speak Mandarin, and everybody at the table laughs, leaving me feeling like a complete idiot.
When it comes to language, I believe there are six levels of knowledge.
Recognition: You can tell the language apart from other languages when you hear or see it, but you don’t understand it at all.
Familiarity: You can link basic phrases to their meanings, like the name of a city, but you can’t read, write, or say the phrase. You can tell if the language is written backwards.
Rhetorical Comprehension: You can follow orders spoken to you in the language, and you understand conversation between other people.
Rhetorical Usage: You can give orders in the language, and you can hold a conversation with somebody.
Literary Comprehension: You can read the newspaper, letters, books, and directions on signs.”
Literary Usage: You can write letters to people in the language.
Deep Understanding: You have concepts of how the language has formed or developed. You understand where the language is flawed or has exceptions. You can also make jokes out of wordplay.
Mastery: You can create with the language, be it essays, speeches, or poems. You can teach the language to somebody at a lower level of knowledge.
These six levels are largely consecutive, though they definitely overlap in terms of when you really become proficient at one level. You learn basic speaking, reading, and writing before you completely understand the spoken word, but you definitely master listening before you master the other three. By high school, almost everybody in America has reached the level of mastery, which means they can fare well on their own in any English-speaking location in the world. As for me and Mandarin, I am at the start of deep understanding, though I have a long ways to go in listening, speaking, reading, and writing. My cousin has been telling me lots of jokes (Chinese jokes are almost all based on wordplay) and I am slowly learning – and laughing. But tell me to compose a poem, and I will give you a blank page.
In the Guangdong province of Southern China, there are three widely spoken languages: Mandarin, Cantonese, and Chaozhounese. On paper they are all the same: only their dialects differ, based on thousands of years of developed accents and lifestyles. While I only know Mandarin, the most widely used language (it is literally called “common language” in Chinese) from what I can observe of the other two languages, Cantonese is more based on sounds from the top of the tongue, while Chaozhounese utilizes the back of the tongue. However, one thing remains very much the same across all three dialects: when Chinese people speak the language, they are loud and proud.
This I can hear and see while sitting at the table stock full of men and women in their forties, churning out more than they’re putting in their mouths. It’s sort of like a concerto with sudden crescendos and sfortzandos, leaving me rocking up and down in my seat as I try to eat my steamed pork buns. Well, I may not be able to converse in Chaozhounese with these guests, but I’m quick to show them that I at least am proficient in the art of Chinese etiquette. When the teapot rolls by, I quickly pick it up and begin to fill the cups of those around me, before finally filling mine. Whenever somebody fills my cup of tea, I express my thanks with two fingers tapping on the table. When food arrives on the table, the youngest are the first to take their pick, and as I am the youngest here today I quickly fill my plate and then offer the dish to the elderly. All is well, until suddenly I become very much aware that the conversation around the table is about me.
And here is perhaps the most prevalent custom in Chinese conversation: arrogance. For most Chinese in early age, this boasting tends to revolve around family background and notable parents. Now for these parents at the table, especially my mother, the pride comes from the successes of their children, and I am stuck on the altar. For a good thirty minutes my mom spits out practically my whole resume in America, including my test scores, my musical achievements, and most of all my admission to Stanford. All the other parents listen to her and stare wide-eyed at me with awe and jealousy. I stare awkwardly at them and my mother, who I can tell is at the top of the world. In her point of view, my successes are actually hers, and she has just won a forty-year battle with her friends, or rather rivals in some way. This I do not appreciate, and after bearing half an hour of trophy display I no longer pour tea into my guests’ cups.
And then, just when I think it’s all over, my mother pulls out an envelope of pictures and begins to pass them around my table. I see glimpses of me from graduation, standing with my family in front of our house, standing on the podium giving my valedictorian speech, and – oh my God – Kelly and I from prom. And now my best friend Dylan and I hugging each other like we’re gay. I’m going to be here for a long time.
Chatboard (0)